{"id":4215,"date":"2026-04-12T21:18:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-12T18:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/?p=4215"},"modified":"2026-10-03T12:13:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T12:13:20","slug":"lamblioz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/lamblioz\/","title":{"rendered":"Giardiasis is a hidden threat to the intestines. What should you know about giardiasis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Giardiasis (giardiasis)<\/b> \u2014 is a common infectious disease caused by microscopic single-celled parasites of the genus <i>Giardia<\/i>. This <a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/analysis\/diagnosis-of-tumor-markers\/oncomarker-shlunku-sa-72-4\/\">protozoan invasion affects mainly the small intestine<\/a> and, in addition to digestive disorders, is often accompanied by allergic and neurological symptoms.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd0d Sources of infection and mechanism of transmission<\/h2>\n<p>The main source of invasion for humans is <b>another infected person<\/b> (it occupies a confident 1st place). However, the pathogen can also be caught from pets with which we often come into contact: dogs, cats, rabbits, etc.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>How do parasites get into the environment?<\/b> Giardia is excreted from the body with feces in the form of persistent cysts. Cyst excretion begins on the 9th\u201322nd day after infection.<\/li>\n<li><b>Route of infection:<\/b> Fecal-oral.<\/li>\n<li><b>Transmission factors:<\/b> Contaminated water, food, soil, and dirty hands.<\/li>\n<li><b>Mechanical carriers:<\/b> Insects, particularly flies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>\u26a0\ufe0f <b>Importantly:<\/b> The adult forms of the parasite (trophozoites) are very vulnerable - they can survive in feces and the external environment for no more than 2 hours. However, their cysts are extremely resistant.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>\ud83d\udea8 Acute symptoms of the disease<\/h2>\n<p>Giardiasis can disguise itself as a common poisoning or allergy. Typical acute manifestations include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Loose stools (diarrhea) and bloating;<\/li>\n<li>Specific fatty stool;<\/li>\n<li>Stomach and abdominal cramps (abdominal pain);<\/li>\n<li>Nausea, vomiting, and general stomach upset;<\/li>\n<li>Dehydration (acute fluid loss is dangerous for the body);<\/li>\n<li><b>Allergic manifestations:<\/b> Itchy skin, hives, swelling of the eyes and joints.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udc65 Who is at risk?<\/h2>\n<p>Anyone can catch Giardia, but the highest probability of infection is observed among the following categories:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Children attending organized groups<\/b> (kindergartens, schools, holiday camps).<\/li>\n<li>People who have <b>close contact with a sick person saddo<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Owners<\/b> domestic and pet animals.<\/li>\n<li>Lovers of relaxing on beaches and open waters.<\/li>\n<li><b>International tourists<\/b>, especially those traveling to countries with poor sanitation.<\/li>\n<li>People who use <b>insufficiently purified water<\/b> or uncooked food.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\ud83e\uddea Modern diagnostics: how to detect a parasite?<\/h2>\n<p>Diagnosing giardiasis can be difficult due to one feature: giardia cysts are not excreted by the body constantly, but periodically.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Rule of three samples:<\/b> To increase the sensitivity of the test, it is recommended to take a stool sample <b>three times on different days<\/b>.<\/li>\n<li><b>Disadvantages of microscopy:<\/b> Classical concentration and trichrome staining methods (examination under a microscope) often prove insufficient due to the variable concentration of parasites in a particular sample.<\/li>\n<li><b>Effective solution:<\/b> To receive <a title=\"Rules for preparing for tests: what you need to know to get accurate results\" href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/rules-for-preparing-for-analysis-that-you-need-to-know-to-get-accurate-results\/\" data-wpil-monitor-id=\"60\">accurate and quantitative results<\/a> modern medicine recommends <b>immunological methods of antigen research in stool<\/b> (rapid tests and ELISA techniques). They are much more sensitive and reliable than conventional microscopy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giardiasis is a common infectious disease caused by microscopic single-celled parasites of the genus Giardia. This protozoan infestation primarily affects the small intestine.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13823,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_flow_reviewer_id":0,"_flow_review_status":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zahvoryuvannya-ta-symptomy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4215"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4215\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13823"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}