{"id":9375,"date":"2025-05-08T15:04:45","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T12:04:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/?p=9375"},"modified":"2026-04-20T18:54:29","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T15:54:29","slug":"irritable-bowel-syndrome-how-to-recognize-and-treat-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/irritable-bowel-syndrome-how-to-recognize-and-treat-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Irritable Bowel Syndrome: How to Recognize and Cope"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Imagine: all examinations are normal, tests are normal, but the stomach is constantly bloated, hurts, and the stool is unstable. Such symptoms are not uncommon, and often the reason lies in the diagnosis, which is difficult to see on ultrasound or X-ray. This irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)<\/strong> \u2014 a functional disorder that disrupts the usual rhythm of life, but is controllable.<\/p>\n

IBS does not destroy tissue, cause cancer, cause fever, or cause weight loss. But it does significantly reduces quality of life<\/strong>. And to control it, you must first understand its characteristics.<\/p>\n

What is a SPC in simple words?<\/h2>\n

Irritable bowel syndrome is chronic bowel dysfunction<\/strong>, accompanied by pain, bloating, and stool disorders, without signs of structural disease. That is, the intestine is anatomically healthy, but functions incorrectly: it contracts too quickly or slowly, reacts to food, stress, even a change in the daily routine.<\/p>\n

Main symptoms of IBS<\/h2>\n

\u2013 Cramp-like abdominal pain
\u2013 Feeling of bloating or heaviness
\u2013 Diarrhea, constipation, or their alternation
\u2013 Mucus in stool
\u2013 Feeling of incomplete emptying
\u2013 Frequent urges or, conversely, stool retention<\/p>\n

These symptoms are often disappear after defecation<\/strong> or decrease on weekends or holidays - this indicates their functional, not organic, nature.<\/p>\n

Types of irritable bowel syndrome<\/h2>\n

The form of IBS affects the treatment tactics. Below is a table with four clinical variants of the course:<\/p>\n

\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Type of SPC<\/strong><\/th>\nMain symptoms<\/strong><\/th>\nComment<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Diarrhea-predominant IBS (DIB)<\/strong><\/td>\nLoose bowel movements several times a day, mostly in the morning, urgent urges<\/td>\nOften accompanied by anxiety, worsens with stress or after coffee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C)<\/strong><\/td>\nStool less than 3 times a week, dense, feeling of incomplete emptying<\/td>\nOften accompanied by bloating, relieved after physical activity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mixed type SPK (SPK-ZM)<\/strong><\/td>\nAlternating diarrhea and constipation, unstable stool pattern<\/td>\nDifficult to control, requires individualized diet and therapy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Undifferentiated SPC<\/strong><\/td>\nPain, bloating, no obvious changes in stool<\/td>\nOften associated with anxiety disorders, requires a comprehensive approach<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

What causes irritable bowel syndrome?<\/h2>\n

\u2013 Stress and anxiety disorders<\/strong> (nervous regulation of the intestines is disrupted)
\u2013 Eating disorders<\/strong> (overeating, fasting, frequent consumption of carbonated drinks, caffeine)
\u2013 Past intestinal infections<\/strong>
\u2013 Hormonal changes<\/strong> (often exacerbated in women during PMS)
\u2013 Disturbances of intestinal microflora<\/strong>
\u2013 Intolerance to certain foods<\/strong> (lactase, fructose, FODMAP)<\/p>\n

IBS is not a disease of one cause \u2014 it is multifactorial syndrome<\/strong>: psychological, nervous, nutritional.<\/p>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

How is IBS diagnosed?<\/h2>\n

The diagnosis of IBS is made by a doctor based on clinical picture<\/strong>, and also exclusion of other causes<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

\u2013 General blood tests<\/a>, urine, feces
\u2013 Tests for occult blood, parasites
\u2013 Ultrasound of the abdominal organs
\u2013 Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy (if organic damage is suspected)
\u2013 Tests for gluten intolerance, lactose intolerance, dysbiosis<\/p>\n

If no visible pathologies are found after a standard examination, but symptoms last for more than 3 months, the diagnosis of IBS is likely.<\/p>\n

How is irritable bowel syndrome treated?<\/h2>\n

Treatment does not involve a single pill. It phased and individual program<\/strong>, which includes:<\/p>\n

\u2013 Changing your diet<\/strong> \u2014 switching to low-FODMAP foods (less cabbage, legumes, dairy)
\u2013 Calm eating<\/strong> \u2014 in small portions, without haste, regularly
\u2013 Antispasmodics<\/strong> \u2014 to reduce pain (as prescribed by a doctor)
\u2013 Pro- or prebiotics<\/strong> \u2014 to restore microflora
\u2013 Psychotherapy<\/strong> or support from a psychologist
\u2013 Physical activity<\/strong> \u2014 recommended daily
\u2013 Sleep regularity<\/strong> \u2014 as a stabilizer of the gut-brain axis\u201c<\/p>\n

Some patients find it helpful to maintain food diary<\/strong> \u2014 to identify personal \u201ctriggers.\u201d.<\/p>\n

What is the prognosis for IBS?<\/h2>\n

IBS does not cause complications such as cancer or ulcers, but can last for decades<\/strong>, periodically worsening. The worst thing is not to diagnose and not to treat. The best thing is to learn to live with this condition<\/strong>, controlling symptoms and maintaining usual activity.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Imagine: all examinations are normal, tests are normal, but the stomach is constantly bloated, hurts, and the stool is unstable. 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