{"id":9502,"date":"2024-10-04T23:43:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-04T20:43:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/?p=9502"},"modified":"2026-04-20T18:55:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T15:55:25","slug":"laboratory-diagnostics-of-asthma-the-accuracy-of-which-helps-to-breathe-freely","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/laboratory-diagnostics-of-asthma-the-accuracy-of-which-helps-to-breathe-freely\/","title":{"rendered":"Laboratory diagnostics of asthma: accuracy that helps you breathe freely"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n 4.9\/5 - (2020 votes) <\/div>\n <\/div>\n

Asthma: not one disease, but several variants of the course<\/h2>\n

Bronchial asthma is not just shortness of breath and an inhaler. It is chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract<\/strong>, which can be allergic, non-allergic, mixed, eosinophilic, infection-dependent, aspirin-induced<\/strong>. Laboratory studies are the key to understanding, What type does the patient have?<\/strong> and what treatment will be effective.<\/p>\n

Why are laboratory tests prescribed for asthma?<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n

    That confirm the allergic nature<\/strong> symptoms<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Reveal inflammation level<\/strong> \u2014 systemic and local<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    To spend differential diagnosis<\/strong> with COPD, pneumonia, parasitic infections<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Determine whether Will the patient respond to inhaled steroids?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Control effectiveness of therapy<\/strong> (in particular biological)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Explain frequent exacerbations or "nighttime" symptoms<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Analyses that form the basis of diagnostics<\/h2>\n

    Complete blood count (CBC)<\/h3>\n

    Growth eosinophils over 300 cells\/\u03bcl<\/strong> indicates eosinophilic inflammation<\/strong>, characteristic of atopic or severe late-onset asthma.
    Leukocytosis and elevated ESR are markers inflammatory exacerbation<\/strong>, in particular infectious.<\/p>\n

    IgE: general and specific<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \n

      Total IgE<\/strong>: its increase indicates allergic sensitization<\/strong>. The higher the level, the more the body is prone to hyperreaction.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Specific IgE<\/strong>: determine antibodies to specific allergens (pollen, mites, wool, mold).
      High-precision method \u2014 ImmunoCAP<\/strong>, which allows you to create a patient's allergy profile.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      These indicators are particularly important for making decisions about specific immunotherapy (SIT)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      NO in exhaled air (FeNO)<\/h3>\n

      Non-invasive marker eosinophilic bronchial inflammation<\/strong>.
      \u2013 Norm: up to 25 ppb (parts per billion)
      \u2013 The increase indicates inadequate control of inflammation<\/strong> or the need for inhaled glucocorticosteroids<\/strong><\/p>\n

      FeNO is convenient to use for monitoring<\/strong> \u2014 can be repeated monthly.<\/p>\n

      Eosinophils in sputum<\/h3>\n

      Important for verification local inflammation in the respiratory tract<\/strong>, especially when other markers do not provide a clear answer.
      \u2013 >2\u20133% eosinophils \u2014 confirmation of the eosinophilic component<\/p>\n

      This test is more difficult to perform, but highly informative<\/strong> in difficult cases.<\/p>\n

      C-reactive protein (CRP)<\/h3>\n

      Increases with acute bacterial infections<\/strong>. If asthma symptoms are accompanied by high CRP, you should consider: mixed or infectious exacerbation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      Additional laboratory tests<\/h2>\n
      \n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Analysis<\/th>\nValue<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Ferritin<\/a>, iron, transferrin<\/strong><\/td>\nAnemia worsens hypoxia in asthma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      25(OH)D \u2013 vitamin D<\/strong><\/td>\nLow levels are associated with an increased risk of exacerbations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      IgG to parasites (toxocara, Giardia<\/a>)<\/strong><\/td>\nParasitic infestations can mimic asthma<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Test for alpha-1-antitrypsin<\/strong><\/td>\nIf hereditary obstructive pathology is suspected<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      \"Table<\/h2>\n

      When analyses are crucial<\/h2>\n
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      • \n

        Undetermined etiology<\/strong> shortness of breath<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Ineffectiveness of basic therapy<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Suspicion of an infectious-allergic component<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Biological treatment planning<\/strong> (anti-IL-5, anti-IgE drugs)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        Specific immunotherapy (SIT)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        The role of the laboratory in patient management<\/h2>\n

        Asthma is not just the obstruction seen on spirometry. It is inflammation that begins at the molecular level<\/strong>. And only laboratory diagnostics is capable of:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          to determine, what kind of inflammatory profile the patient has<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          to indicate, Will hormone therapy be effective?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          allow personalize treatment<\/strong>, including biological drugs<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          explain why some patients' symptoms are not controlled despite proper treatment<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Laboratory diagnostics is not just an auxiliary stage. It precision approach tool<\/strong> to asthma: from drug selection to controlling the risk of exacerbations. And the earlier the pathophysiological mechanisms are identified, the better the patient's prognosis and quality of life will be.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Asthma: not one disease, but several variants of the course Bronchial asthma is not just shortness of breath and an inhaler. It is a chronic inflammation<\/p>","protected":false},"author":627,"featured_media":9503,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9502","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u041b\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u043c\u0438 \u2013 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0445<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u042f\u043a\u0456 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0438 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0445\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u043c\u0456: IgE, 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