{"id":9786,"date":"2025-04-26T23:36:27","date_gmt":"2025-04-26T20:36:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/?p=9786"},"modified":"2026-05-29T08:45:56","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T05:45:56","slug":"diagnosis-of-anemia-modern-methods-and-decoding-of-analyzes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/diagnosis-of-anemia-modern-methods-and-decoding-of-analyzes\/","title":{"rendered":"Diagnosis of anemia: modern methods and interpretation of tests"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"185\" data-end=\"496\"><strong data-start=\"185\" data-end=\"195\">Anemia<\/strong> \u2014 one of the most common pathological conditions in modern clinical practice. According to WHO, almost every third person in the world has a low hemoglobin level. However, anemia is not always a simple lack of iron. Its etiology is multifaceted, so effective <strong data-start=\"443\" data-end=\"465\">anemia diagnosis<\/strong> requires a comprehensive approach.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"498\" data-end=\"545\"><strong data-start=\"501\" data-end=\"545\">Symptoms that may indicate anemia<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"733\">\n<li data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"578\">\n<p data-start=\"549\" data-end=\"578\">Chronic fatigue and weakness<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"579\" data-end=\"597\">\n<p data-start=\"581\" data-end=\"597\">Pale skin<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"632\">\n<p data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"632\">Dizziness and headache<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"633\" data-end=\"664\">\n<p data-start=\"635\" data-end=\"664\">Heart palpitations during exercise<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"665\" data-end=\"694\">\n<p data-start=\"667\" data-end=\"694\">Brittle hair and nails<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"695\" data-end=\"733\">\n<p data-start=\"697\" data-end=\"733\">Impaired memory and concentration<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"735\" data-end=\"826\">These manifestations may be nonspecific, so the key <a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/it-all-starts-with-your-own-example\/\" title=\"How not to get sick in the city traffic: expert advice and the role of laboratory tests\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"566\">laboratory tests play a role<\/a> research.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"735\" data-end=\"826\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9788\" src=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4.jpg\" alt=\"Table of indicators for distinguishing types of anemia\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/11-4-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"878\"><strong data-start=\"831\" data-end=\"878\">What tests are needed to diagnose anemia?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"880\" data-end=\"916\"><strong data-start=\"884\" data-end=\"916\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/analysis\/hematological-panel\/zagalnyj-rozgornutyj-analiz-krovi-avtomatychnyj-analyzer-wbc-lym-mid-grn-lym-mid-grn-rbc-hb-hct-mcv-mch-mchc-rdw-plt-pct-mpv-pdw-3-histogramy-wbc-rbc-plt-shoe-ruchnyj-pidrahunok-lejkotsytarnoyi-fo\/\">Complete blood count<\/a> (ZAK)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"918\" data-end=\"951\">A major study that reveals:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"952\" data-end=\"1121\">\n<li data-start=\"952\" data-end=\"977\">\n<p data-start=\"954\" data-end=\"977\">Hemoglobin (Hb) level<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"978\" data-end=\"1007\">\n<p data-start=\"980\" data-end=\"1007\">Red blood cell count (RBC)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1008\" data-end=\"1026\">\n<p data-start=\"1010\" data-end=\"1026\">Hematocrit (HCT)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1027\" data-end=\"1060\">\n<p data-start=\"1029\" data-end=\"1060\">MCV (mean corpuscular volume)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1061\" data-end=\"1121\">\n<p data-start=\"1063\" data-end=\"1121\">MCH, MCHC \u2014 hemoglobin content and concentration in erythrocytes<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1123\" data-end=\"1245\">These indicators allow preliminary classification of anemia by erythrocyte size: microcytic, normocytic, macrocytic.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1273\"><strong data-start=\"1251\" data-end=\"1273\">Biochemical analyses<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"1275\" data-end=\"1542\">\n<li data-start=\"1275\" data-end=\"1351\">\n<p data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1351\"><strong data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1299\">Serum iron<\/strong> \u2013 decrease is characteristic of iron deficiency anemia<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1352\" data-end=\"1408\">\n<p data-start=\"1354\" data-end=\"1408\"><strong data-start=\"1354\" data-end=\"1365\">Ferritin<\/strong> \u2013 reduced when iron stores are depleted<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1409\" data-end=\"1468\">\n<p data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"1468\"><strong data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"1432\">Transferrin and <a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/analysis\/biochemical-blood-tests\/anemia-diagnosis\/general-writing-skills\/\" title=\"Iron binding capacity (total, TIBC)\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"503\">TIBC<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 exhibit compensatory reactions<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1469\" data-end=\"1542\">\n<p data-start=\"1471\" data-end=\"1542\"><strong data-start=\"1471\" data-end=\"1496\">B12 and folic acid<\/strong> \u2013 decrease inherent in macrocytic anemias<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"1544\" data-end=\"1582\"><strong data-start=\"1547\" data-end=\"1582\">How to distinguish between different types of anemia<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_16hzy_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_16hzy_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"2231\">\n<thead data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"1673\">\n<tr data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"1673\">\n<th data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"1612\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Indicator<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"1612\" data-end=\"1630\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Iron deficiency<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1646\" data-col-size=\"sm\">B12-deficient<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"1646\" data-end=\"1673\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Anemia of chronic disease<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"1767\" data-end=\"2231\">\n<tr data-start=\"1767\" data-end=\"1859\">\n<td data-start=\"1767\" data-end=\"1795\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Hb<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1795\" data-end=\"1814\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1814\" data-end=\"1831\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1831\" data-end=\"1859\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2193<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1860\" data-end=\"1952\">\n<td data-start=\"1860\" data-end=\"1888\" data-col-size=\"sm\">MCV<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1907\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1907\" data-end=\"1924\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2191<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1924\" data-end=\"1952\" data-col-size=\"sm\">N or \u2193<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"2045\">\n<td data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"1981\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/analysis\/biochemical-blood-tests\/anemia-diagnosis\/ferritin\/\">Ferritin<\/a><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1981\" data-end=\"2000\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2000\" data-end=\"2017\" data-col-size=\"sm\">N or \u2191<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2017\" data-end=\"2045\" data-col-size=\"sm\">N or \u2191<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2046\" data-end=\"2138\">\n<td data-start=\"2046\" data-end=\"2074\" data-col-size=\"sm\">B12<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2074\" data-end=\"2093\" data-col-size=\"sm\">N<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2093\" data-end=\"2110\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2193<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2110\" data-end=\"2138\" data-col-size=\"sm\">N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2139\" data-end=\"2231\">\n<td data-start=\"2139\" data-end=\"2167\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Bone marrow status<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2167\" data-end=\"2186\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Hyperplasia<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2186\" data-end=\"2203\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Megaloblastosis<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2231\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Hypoplasia or normo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 data-start=\"2233\" data-end=\"2283\"><strong data-start=\"2236\" data-end=\"2283\">Additional tests for suspected anemia<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"2285\" data-end=\"2554\">\n<li data-start=\"2285\" data-end=\"2340\">\n<p data-start=\"2287\" data-end=\"2340\"><strong data-start=\"2287\" data-end=\"2311\">Erythropoietin level<\/strong> \u2014 for the assessment of hematopoiesis<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2341\" data-end=\"2402\">\n<p data-start=\"2343\" data-end=\"2402\"><strong data-start=\"2343\" data-end=\"2376\">Fecal occult blood test<\/strong> \u2014 elimination of blood loss<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2403\" data-end=\"2488\">\n<p data-start=\"2405\" data-end=\"2488\"><strong data-start=\"2405\" data-end=\"2459\">Abdominal ultrasound, gastroscopy, colonoscopy<\/strong> \u2014 search for sources of blood loss<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2489\" data-end=\"2554\">\n<p data-start=\"2491\" data-end=\"2554\"><strong data-start=\"2491\" data-end=\"2518\">Bone marrow puncture<\/strong> \u2014 if aplastic conditions are suspected<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"2556\" data-end=\"2593\"><strong data-start=\"2559\" data-end=\"2593\">How to prepare for the examination<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"2595\" data-end=\"2777\">\n<li data-start=\"2595\" data-end=\"2648\">\n<p data-start=\"2597\" data-end=\"2648\">Fasting blood sample (at least 8 hours without food)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2649\" data-end=\"2708\">\n<p data-start=\"2651\" data-end=\"2708\">For 24 hours - avoid alcohol and physical exertion<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2709\" data-end=\"2777\">\n<p data-start=\"2711\" data-end=\"2777\">Tell your doctor about taking iron, vitamins, or medications.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2779\" data-end=\"2969\">Early detection of anemia can prevent complications, from heart problems to cognitive changes. Don&#039;t delay your visit to the lab: early diagnosis is the basis for effective treatment.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Anemia is one of the most common pathological conditions in modern clinical practice. According to WHO, almost every third person in the world suffers from it.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":627,"featured_media":9787,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/627"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}