{"id":9976,"date":"2025-07-01T00:26:06","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T21:26:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/?p=9976"},"modified":"2026-04-20T18:53:40","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T15:53:40","slug":"the-role-of-markers-of-submucosal-tumor-in-early-diagnosis-and-disease-control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/the-role-of-markers-of-submucosal-tumor-in-early-diagnosis-and-disease-control\/","title":{"rendered":"Pancreatic tumor markers: role in early diagnosis and disease control"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 data-start=\"372\" data-end=\"396\">Relevance of the problem<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"398\" data-end=\"701\">Pancreatic tumors, in particular <strong data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"453\">adenocarcinoma<\/strong>, have high mortality due to <strong data-start=\"485\" data-end=\"504\">late detection<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"508\" data-end=\"566\">lack of specific symptoms in the early stages<\/strong>. One way to improve early diagnosis is to <strong data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"653\">use of tumor markers<\/strong>, which are detected in the patient&#039;s blood or tissues.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"703\" data-end=\"763\">Tumor markers themselves <strong data-start=\"728\" data-end=\"746\">is not a diagnosis<\/strong>, but allow:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"765\" data-end=\"872\">\n<li data-start=\"765\" data-end=\"797\">\n<p data-start=\"767\" data-end=\"797\">suspect a malignant process;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"798\" data-end=\"834\">\n<p data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"834\">track the effectiveness of treatment;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"835\" data-end=\"853\">\n<p data-start=\"837\" data-end=\"853\">detect relapse;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"854\" data-end=\"872\">\n<p data-start=\"856\" data-end=\"872\">assess the prognosis.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"874\" data-end=\"942\">Main markers used in suspected pancreatic cancer<\/h2>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_80l1q_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_80l1q_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"944\" data-end=\"1601\">\n<thead data-start=\"944\" data-end=\"1037\">\n<tr data-start=\"944\" data-end=\"1037\">\n<th data-start=\"944\" data-end=\"960\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Marker name<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"960\" data-end=\"992\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Full name<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"992\" data-end=\"1037\" data-col-size=\"md\">Diagnostic value<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"1132\" data-end=\"1601\">\n<tr data-start=\"1132\" data-end=\"1225\">\n<td data-start=\"1132\" data-end=\"1148\" data-col-size=\"sm\">CA 19-9<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1148\" data-end=\"1180\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1180\" data-end=\"1225\" data-col-size=\"md\">The most widely used marker for prostate cancer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1319\">\n<td data-start=\"1226\" data-end=\"1242\" data-col-size=\"sm\">CEA<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1242\" data-end=\"1274\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Carcinoembryonic Antigen<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1274\" data-end=\"1319\" data-col-size=\"md\">Less specific, useful for monitoring<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1413\">\n<td data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1336\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/analysis\/diagnosis-of-tumor-markers\/ovarian-cancer-marker-sa-125\/\">CA 125<\/a><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1336\" data-end=\"1368\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Cancer Antigen 125<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1368\" data-end=\"1413\" data-col-size=\"md\">Often increases with tumor spread<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1507\">\n<td data-start=\"1414\" data-end=\"1430\" data-col-size=\"sm\">DUPAN-2<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1430\" data-end=\"1462\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Pancreatic cancer-associated<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1462\" data-end=\"1507\" data-col-size=\"md\">May be elevated in early stages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1508\" data-end=\"1601\">\n<td data-start=\"1508\" data-end=\"1524\" data-col-size=\"sm\">MIC-1<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1524\" data-end=\"1556\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1556\" data-end=\"1601\" data-col-size=\"md\">New promising marker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 data-start=\"1603\" data-end=\"1646\">CA 19-9 is basic, but not universal<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1648\" data-end=\"1799\">CA 19-9 is a carbohydrate antigen synthesized by epithelial cells. Its levels are increased in 70\u201390% patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1801\" data-end=\"2031\">\n<li data-start=\"1801\" data-end=\"1827\">\n<p data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1827\"><strong data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1812\">Norm<\/strong>: up to 37 U\/ml<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1828\" data-end=\"1899\">\n<p data-start=\"1830\" data-end=\"1899\"><strong data-start=\"1830\" data-end=\"1865\">Significant increase (&gt;1000 U\/ml)<\/strong> often indicates an advanced stage<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1900\" data-end=\"2031\">\n<p data-start=\"1902\" data-end=\"2031\"><strong data-start=\"1902\" data-end=\"1915\">Limitation<\/strong>: not detected in 5\u201310% people (lack of Lewis antigen); may be elevated in cholestasis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"2033\" data-end=\"2064\">Other markers: supporting role<\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"2066\" data-end=\"2531\">\n<li data-start=\"2066\" data-end=\"2259\">\n<p data-start=\"2068\" data-end=\"2259\"><strong data-start=\"2068\" data-end=\"2075\">CEA<\/strong> often used in conjunction with CA 19-9 to increase sensitivity. Although it is not specific, its <strong data-start=\"2172\" data-end=\"2197\">parallel increase<\/strong> together with CA 19-9 may indicate <strong data-start=\"2233\" data-end=\"2258\">disease progression<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2260\" data-end=\"2416\">\n<p data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2416\"><strong data-start=\"2262\" data-end=\"2272\">CA 125<\/strong> is used not only in gynecological oncology. Its increase in pancreatic cancer <strong data-start=\"2366\" data-end=\"2415\">associated with metastases to the abdominal cavity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2417\" data-end=\"2531\">\n<p data-start=\"2419\" data-end=\"2531\"><strong data-start=\"2419\" data-end=\"2428\">MIC-1<\/strong> \u2014 a relatively new marker, promising in early diagnosis, but not yet implemented in clinical routine.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9978\" src=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii.jpg\" alt=\"localization of the pancreas in the abdominal cavity\" width=\"1200\" height=\"838\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii-150x105.jpg 150w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii-600x419.jpg 600w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii-1024x715.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/sostav-vakciny-protiv-koronavirusa-v-laboratorii-768x536.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2533\" data-end=\"2560\">Combined use<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2562\" data-end=\"2633\">No marker is perfect. But <strong data-start=\"2595\" data-end=\"2632\">combination of CA 19-9, CEA and CA 125<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2635\" data-end=\"2775\">\n<li data-start=\"2635\" data-end=\"2680\">\n<p data-start=\"2637\" data-end=\"2680\">increases <strong data-start=\"2646\" data-end=\"2672\">diagnostic sensitivity<\/strong> up to 85%;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2681\" data-end=\"2724\">\n<p data-start=\"2683\" data-end=\"2724\">allows <strong data-start=\"2692\" data-end=\"2723\">better control relapses<\/strong>;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2725\" data-end=\"2775\">\n<p data-start=\"2727\" data-end=\"2775\">allows <strong data-start=\"2737\" data-end=\"2774\">assess response to chemotherapy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"2777\" data-end=\"2809\">How to interpret the results?<\/h2>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_80l1q_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_80l1q_14 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"2811\" data-end=\"3193\">\n<thead data-start=\"2811\" data-end=\"2886\">\n<tr data-start=\"2811\" data-end=\"2886\">\n<th data-start=\"2811\" data-end=\"2825\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Marker<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"2825\" data-end=\"2886\" data-col-size=\"md\">Possible interpretation of the increase<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"3193\">\n<tr data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"3039\">\n<td data-start=\"2964\" data-end=\"2978\" data-col-size=\"sm\">CA 19-9<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2978\" data-end=\"3039\">Pancreatic cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, cholestasis, pancreatitis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3040\" data-end=\"3116\">\n<td data-start=\"3040\" data-end=\"3054\" data-col-size=\"sm\">CEA<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3054\" data-end=\"3116\">Stomach, colon, lung cancer, smoking<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3117\" data-end=\"3193\">\n<td data-start=\"3117\" data-end=\"3131\" data-col-size=\"sm\"><a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/how-to-understand-the-meaning-of-the-word-quot-sa-125-quot-and-why-it-is-important-for-women\/\">CA 125<\/a><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3131\" data-end=\"3193\">Ovarian cancer, peritonitis, cirrhosis, inflammation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"sticky end-(--thread-content-margin) h-0 self-end select-none\">\n<div class=\"absolute end-0 flex items-end\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote data-start=\"3195\" data-end=\"3313\">\n<p data-start=\"3197\" data-end=\"3313\">High scores only make sense <strong data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3281\">in combination with clinical and imaging methods<\/strong> (ultrasound, CT, MRI, ERCP, biopsy).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 data-start=\"3315\" data-end=\"3371\">In what cases are pancreatic tumor markers prescribed?<\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"3373\" data-end=\"3608\">\n<li data-start=\"3373\" data-end=\"3421\">\n<p data-start=\"3375\" data-end=\"3421\">Suspicion of <strong data-start=\"3386\" data-end=\"3408\">tumor of the head of the pancreas<\/strong> with jaundice<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3422\" data-end=\"3457\">\n<p data-start=\"3424\" data-end=\"3457\">Detection of neoplasms on ultrasound\/CT<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3458\" data-end=\"3507\">\n<p data-start=\"3460\" data-end=\"3507\">Postoperative follow-up (recurrence assessment)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3508\" data-end=\"3550\">\n<p data-start=\"3510\" data-end=\"3550\">Monitoring <strong data-start=\"3521\" data-end=\"3550\">effectiveness of chemotherapy<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3551\" data-end=\"3608\">\n<p data-start=\"3553\" data-end=\"3608\">Search <strong data-start=\"3559\" data-end=\"3571\">relapse<\/strong> with an increase in markers after remission<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"3610\" data-end=\"3648\">Prospects: biomarkers of the future<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3650\" data-end=\"3877\">Under investigation <strong data-start=\"3664\" data-end=\"3691\">multidisciplinary approaches<\/strong>: genetic panels, circulating tumor DNA, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/liquid-biopsy-a-new-era-in-cancer-diagnosis\/\"   title=\"Liquid biopsy: a new era in cancer diagnosis\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"131\">liquid biopsy<\/a>, microRNAs. Their use will allow for the detection of cancer in the future <strong data-start=\"3816\" data-end=\"3838\">before symptoms appear<\/strong>, when surgical intervention is still possible.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3913\" data-end=\"4260\">Pancreatic tumor markers are <strong data-start=\"3953\" data-end=\"3998\">early warning and monitoring tool<\/strong>, but not an independent diagnosis. Their meaning becomes meaningful only in the system: <strong data-start=\"4070\" data-end=\"4109\">clinic + imaging + histology<\/strong>. Timely determination <a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/oncomarker-sa-19-9-not-only-for-esophageal-cancer-but-what-does-this-analysis-really-show\/\">CA 19-9<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/analysis\/diagnosis-of-tumor-markers\/rakovo-embryonalnyj-antigen-cea\/\">CEA<\/a> can change the trajectory of the disease \u2014 so it is important not to delay seeing a doctor, especially if there are risk factors.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Relevance of the problem Pancreatic tumors, in particular adenocarcinoma, have a high mortality rate due to late detection and the absence of specific symptoms in the early stages.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":627,"featured_media":9977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/627"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9976"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9976\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medilab.km.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}