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Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) is an enzyme that plays an important role in the metabolism of amino acids and the production of energy in the body. This enzyme is also known as Aspartate aminotransferase or AST.

The functions of AST are related to the metabolism of amino acids, particularly aspartate and alanine. AST acts as a catalyst for the transfer of an amino group from the amino acid aspartate to α-ketoglutarate, forming alpha-ketoglutarate and alanine. This process is an important component of the alanine and glutamine cycle between muscle and liver, which helps regulate nitrogen levels in the body.

AST is also used in clinical studies as a biomarker in combination with other biochemical parameters to assess liver function. This enzyme is naturally found in various organs such as the liver, heart, muscles, kidneys, and nervous system, but its concentration can increase significantly when tissues in these organs are damaged. This increase can be the result of various diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, myocardial infarction, or myositis.

A biochemical test is performed to determine the level of AST in the blood. The results are usually expressed in units per liter (units/L) or in humoles per liter (mKat/L). The generally accepted normal range for AST in the blood can vary depending on the laboratory and measurement method, but deviations from the norm can indicate certain conditions.

It is important to emphasize that an increase in AST levels in the blood is only a sign of a possible problem, and additional clinical and diagnostic tests may be necessary to accurately determine the cause of this increase. Sometimes an increase in AST levels can be associated with physiological factors, such as intense physical exertion.

In general, AST is an important element in studying the biochemical indicators of the body, in particular its liver and heart functions. Measuring AST levels can provide doctors with useful information in diagnosing various diseases and organ health.