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– Only venous blood is allowed for testing.
– Blood is donated on an empty stomach, after an overnight fast, in the morning.
– Before blood sampling, it is forbidden to drink: tea, coffee, juice, or carbonated drinks.
– 1-2 hours before the blood sampling procedure, you are allowed to drink about 250-300 ml of clean water
– Avoid drinking alcohol and overeating the day before donating blood.
– Exclude fatty, spicy and smoked foods for a day.
– Avoid physical and emotional excitement. Therefore, before the procedure, you should rest for 10-15 minutes to calm down.
– Patients taking hormonal drugs should not violate the dosing schedule on the day of delivery.
– It is advisable to retake the PTI test at the same time.

INR Blood coagulation function test

Blood clotting is an extremely important process in the human body. It helps stop bleeding and prevent excessive blood loss when blood vessels are damaged. To monitor the state of blood clotting and determine the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy, the INR (International Normalized Ratio) or simply INR (International Normalized Ratio) is used. This indicator is used as part of the diagnosis of various diseases and is monitored during treatment with anticoagulants, such as warfarin.

Blood clotting is a sequential sequence of reactions that involves several key steps. One of the most important steps is the formation of a fibrin clot, which stops bleeding. The fibrin clot is formed from fibrinogen, a protein present in blood plasma. This process is triggered by a complex of blood clotting factors that are activated sequentially.

Various laboratory tests are used to monitor blood clotting and diagnose disorders. One of them is the INR test. This test evaluates how quickly your blood clots and determines how well it is functioning.

The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is designed to reduce the influence of laboratory characteristics and equipment on test results. This means that INR results can be compared between different laboratories and at different times. International guidelines define a normal INR range for healthy individuals, which is usually between 0.8 and 1.2.

The INR measurement process is based on a blood clotting time test (prothrombin time, PT). PT determines how long it takes for blood plasma to clot after the addition of reagents that activate clotting factors. The PT result is expressed in seconds. The patient's PT and the PT of a control pool (plasma obtained from normal circulation) are then measured. The difference between the patient's PT and the PT of the control pool is converted into INR using a special formula:

$I NR = (P T ^{control} P T ^{patient})^{I S I}$

where ISI (International Sensitivity Index) is the reagent sensitivity coefficient, which indicates the rate of plasma clotting when reagents are added.

The INR is very important for patients taking anticoagulants such as warfarin. These drugs disrupt the blood clotting process and reduce the risk of blood clots, but they can also cause bleeding. Therefore, it is important to regularly monitor the INR to ensure the appropriate level of anticoagulation and avoid complications.

In conclusion, INR is an important laboratory parameter that allows monitoring of blood clotting status and the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy. It helps physicians ensure the optimal balance between preventing thrombosis and preventing bleeding.