Endometrial biopsy (aspiration curettage, polypectomy)

Endometrial biopsy — is a highly accurate histological study of samples of the uterine mucosa. The analysis allows you to assess the condition of the endometrium at the cellular level, identify pathological changes, determine their nature and the causes of reproductive function disorders.

Research objective: The analysis is aimed at a detailed study of tissues obtained by various methods (by aspiration, curettage or removal of polyps). This allows for the differentiation of benign processes from precancerous conditions or malignant neoplasms.

What does the pathologist evaluate: During microscopic examination, the specialist determines:

• Correspondence to the cycle phase: whether the endometrium develops properly under the influence of hormones.

• Presence of hyperplasia: excessive tissue growth that requires special attention.

• The nature of polyps: determining the structure of the removed formations.

• Inflammatory processes: detection of signs of chronic endometritis.

• Cell atypia: searching for altered cells that may indicate cancer risks.

Clinical significance: The result of the study is key to making a diagnosis in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, as well as when endometrial thickening or neoplasms are detected during ultrasound. Based on the histological conclusion, the gynecologist develops an individual treatment program or prescribes the necessary hormonal therapy.

When is it prescribed:

• suspected endometrial polyps or hyperplasia;

• menstrual cycle disorders of unknown origin;

• diagnosis of causes of infertility or preparation for IVF;

• monitoring the effectiveness of previously performed treatment.