Biopsy of the cervical canal and endometrium (curette)

Biopsy of the cervical canal and endometrium — is a comprehensive histological examination of samples of the mucous membranes of the uterus and cervix. The procedure involves separate tissue sampling, which allows the pathologist to separately assess the condition of each zone and identify the prevalence of the pathological process.

Research objective: The analysis is performed to establish an accurate diagnosis in cases of suspected pathological changes in the uterine cavity and cervical canal. A separate study helps to localize the pathology (for example, to determine whether the polyp originates from the uterus or the cervical canal) and exclude malignant neoplasms.

What does the pathologist evaluate:

• Endometrial condition: cycle phase, presence of hyperplasia, signs of chronic inflammation or atypical cells.

• Condition of the cervical canal: the structure of the cylindrical epithelium, the presence of dysplasia (CIN) or glandular changes.

• Hormonal background: compliance of tissues with the patient's hormonal status.

• Radicality: assessment of the completeness of removal of polyps or other benign formations.

Clinical significance: The data obtained are the basis for choosing a treatment method - from conservative hormonal therapy to surgical intervention. The study is mandatory for differential diagnosis of precancerous conditions and early stages of cancer.

When is it prescribed:

• abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive or menopausal period;

• suspicion of combined pathology of the endometrium and cervix;

• the presence of polyps or thickening of the mucous membrane according to ultrasound;

• clarifying the diagnosis in case of doubtful PAP test results.