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SCC tumor marker analysis: significance in the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma
What is SCC tumor marker?
SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen) is a protein that is normally produced by epithelial cells, but in the case of malignant transformation its level in the blood increases significantly. It is considered specific for squamous cell carcinoma, which affects the skin, cervix, esophagus, lungs and other organs lined with squamous epithelium.
When is an SCC test prescribed?
This tumor marker is not used as a sole diagnostic tool. However, SCC testing has diagnostic and prognostic value in the following situations:
suspected squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix or other organs;
assessment of treatment effectiveness (after surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy);
monitoring relapses after remission;
clarification of the extent of tumor spread.
SCC norms and their interpretation
In a healthy person, the SCC level usually does not exceed 1.5 ng/ml. An increase can be observed not only in oncology, but also in inflammatory processes (dermatitis, tuberculosis, hepatitis), so the interpretation of the results requires a clinical context.
Table: SCC tumor marker level and possible interpretations
| SCC level (ng/ml) | Possible causes |
|---|---|
| <1.5 | Norm |
| 1.5–2.5 | Possible inflammatory processes, benign formations |
| >2.5 | Probability of squamous cell carcinoma or its recurrence |
Features of preparation for analysis
Blood donation for the SCC tumor marker is performed on an empty stomach, preferably in the morning. It is worth avoiding physical exertion and stress before the procedure, and also inform the doctor about any chronic diseases or medications.
Advantages and limitations of SCC as a marker
Advantages:
Susceptibility to recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma;
Availability in most laboratories;
Dynamics in monitoring treatment results.
Limitation:
Low specificity: increase possible in non-oncological conditions;
Not suitable as a screening test;
Does not detect tumors at an early stage in all cases.
SCC tumor marker — is not a universal diagnostic tool, but an important component of a comprehensive approach to the detection and monitoring of squamous cell neoplasms. Its value increases when combined with imaging methods and other biochemical indicators.
