Cervical canal biopsy (curettage)

Cervical canal biopsy — is a histological examination of tissues obtained by scraping the mucous membrane of the cervical canal. This procedure is critically important for detecting pathological processes in that part of the organ that cannot be fully examined during a regular visual examination or colposcopy.

Research objective: The analysis is aimed at a detailed study of the cellular structure of the epithelium to exclude or confirm oncological processes, precancerous conditions, and other pathologies localized inside the cervical canal.

What does the pathologist evaluate:

• Epithelium type: assessment of the condition of the cylindrical epithelium and its integrity.

• Dysplasia (CIN): determining the degree of cell atypia (mild, moderate or severe).

• Presence of malignant cells: diagnosis of adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma.

• Inflammatory and benign changes: detection of chronic cervicitis, cervical canal polyps or metaplasia.

Clinical significance: The results of the study allow the gynecologist to obtain a complete picture of the health of the cervix. This is crucial when the results of a cytological smear (PAP test) and colposcopy differ, as well as for monitoring after treatment of cervical pathologies.

When is it prescribed:

• suspicion of a neoplasm in the cervical canal according to ultrasound or examination data;

• atypical cells in a cytology smear (ASCUS, LSIL, HSIL, AGUS);

• the need for detailed diagnostics for cervical dysplasia;

• monitoring the condition of the mucous membrane after removal of polyps.