Blood test for stress: can stress be measured in the laboratory?

Is there a blood test for stress?

Stress is not just an emotional state, but a physiological reaction of the body to stimuli. It is accompanied by the release of stress hormones, changes in the functioning of the nervous system and effects on immunity. In modern laboratory diagnostics there is no single test, which directly "measures stress levels." However, there are blood tests that reflect physiological markers of stress.

What indicators indicate stress in the body?

Stress can be assessed using several biomarkers:

1. Cortisol

The main stress hormone secreted by the adrenal glands. Its levels increase during physical and psychological stress.

• Norm: 140–700 nmol/l (depends on time of day)

• Increase: chronic stress, anxiety, Cushing's syndrome

• Decrease: adrenal exhaustion, depression

2. Adrenaline and noradrenaline

Hormones that spike in emergency situations. They are less commonly measured, but may reflect an acute stress response.

• Shown in urine or plasma

• Often used to diagnose pheochromocytomas

3. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

Regulates cortisol production. Increases during emotional and physical stress.

4. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose

Chronic stress can cause insulin resistance, which is manifested by elevated glucose levels.

5. C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukins

Inflammation often accompanies chronic stress. Elevated CRP is a sign of an activated immune response.

6. Free fatty acid test

During stress, fats are mobilized as an energy source. This can affect the lipid profile.

When to do stress tests

• chronic fatigue, insomnia, apathy

• emotional exhaustion, constant anxiety

• weight fluctuations for no apparent reason

• blood pressure problems, palpitations, tremors

• decreased performance, memory impairment

• suspected adrenal dysfunction

How to prepare for a stress blood test

• Donate blood in the morning, on an empty stomach

• Avoid physical activity and caffeine 12 hours before check-in

• No smoking and don't drink alcohol the day before

• If possible postpone the analysis in case of acute illnesses, because they affect hormones

Clinical case example

The patient complains of irritability, insomnia, and palpitations. The analysis shows:

• Cortisol — 810 nmol/l (morning)

• ACTH — elevated

• SRB — at the upper limit of normal

• Glucose — 6.4 mmol/l

Conclusion: chronic stress state with initial signs of metabolic syndrome. Psychotherapy, physical activity, adaptogens, and nutritional correction are prescribed.

Which analysis to choose?