Bacteriological examination of the periodontal pocket with identification of pathogens and determination of the antibiogram using automatic analyzers AF300; Scan4000 according to the EUCAST methodology

Bacteriological analysis of the periodontal pocket and determination of antibiotic sensitivity is an important stage in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity and adjacent tissues. This analysis allows you to identify microorganisms that may be the cause of inflammatory processes and determine the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.

Methodology for conducting bacteriological analysis:

1. Collection of biomaterial. The first step is to collect a sample of biomaterial from the periodontal pocket. Special sterile instruments and materials are used for this. The patient must be pre-prepared: do not eat or drink for an hour before the procedure.
2. Laboratory sample preparation. The resulting biomaterial is placed on a Petri dish with agar, which contains nutrients for bacterial growth. The dish is placed in an incubator, where optimal conditions are created for the growth of microorganisms.
3. Definition of microflora. After incubation for 24-48 hours, colonies of bacteria appear on the agar. They can be identified by shape, size, color, and other characteristics. Bacteria such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacteroides, other anaerobes, and aerobes are commonly studied.
4. Antibiotic sensitivity test. The bacteria that are found are tested for their sensitivity to different antibiotics. This helps to determine which antibiotic may be most effective in a particular case. This is done by placing antibiotic discs on agar next to the bacterial colonies. After incubation, the number of bacteria killed by each antibiotic is counted.

The importance of bacteriological analysis and determination of antibiotic sensitivity:

1. Diagnosis of oral diseases. Bacteriological analysis helps to establish the cause of the disease and determine the optimal treatment method.
2. Choosing an antibiotic. A sensitivity test can reduce the risk of antibiotic resistance and ensure effective treatment.
3. Treatment monitoring. After prescribing antibiotics, a repeat test can be performed to ensure that the chosen therapy is effective.
4. Prevention of relapses. Knowledge of the composition of the microflora helps to develop individual recommendations for the patient to prevent recurrent diseases.

Bacteriological analysis of the periodontal pocket and determination of antibiotic sensitivity is an essential tool in the hands of dentists and general practitioners for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the oral cavity and adjacent tissues. It contributes to the individualization of the treatment approach and improvement of therapy results, and also helps prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria.